Man thoroughly familiar with all the phases of outdoor advertising and responsible for seeing that all the services available from OAAP are provided for the agencies and accounts he is assigned. The services of these men are available for advise and counsel on the most effective use of the medium.
Time periods immediately before and after a television program, normally used as a commercial break between programs
An allowance made by the plant operator to the advertiser when there has been a loss in service in violation of the contract terms. This adjustment usually takes the form of extended service, extra service, or cash fund
A measure of readership averages for print publications over a two-year period, used as a baseline for comparing specific ads to an average
A premium provided to a consumer, on the condition of some later purchase
Means the Client or Sponsor in whose behalf and for whose account advertising is produced and disseminated. It is used interchangeably with ADVERTISING SECTOR
There are a variety of definitions, with subtle but important distinctions. While the general public frequently views advertising as encompassing all forms of promotional communication, most advertising practitioners limit it to paid communications conveyed by a mass medium. The latter definition distinguishes advertising from other forms of marketing communication, such as Sales Promotion, Public Relations, and Direct Marketing.
Refers to the service organization, whether single proprietors, partnership or corporation, established and operated for the purpose of tendering counsel on, creating, producing and implementing advertising programs for and in behalf of advertisers, utilizing any or all forms of media to inform and educate consumers on the availability and attributes of products and services, as integral part of marketing practice.
Money provided by a manufacturer to a distributor for the purpose of advertising a specific product or brand. See, also, Cooperative advertising
Refers to any form of communications directed by an advertiser/sponsor to any mass audience, whether readers, listeners or viewers.
An explicit outline of what goals an advertising campaign should achieve, how to accomplish those goals, and how to determine whether or not the campaign was successful in obtaining those goals
Research conducted to improve the efficacy of advertising. It may focus on a specific ad or campaign, or may be directed at a more general understanding of how advertising works or how consumers use the information in advertising. It can entail a variety of research approaches, including psychological, sociological, economic, and other perspectives.
A product imprinted with, or otherwise carrying, a logo or promotional message. Also called a promotional product
An advertisement that has the appearance of a news article or editorial, in a print publication. See Infomercial, below
A measure of newspaper advertising space, one column wide and 1/14th inch deep.
The agency's fee for designing and placing advertisements. Historically, this was calculated as 15 percent of the amount spent to purchase space or time in the various media used for the advertising. In recent years the commission has, in many cases, become negotiable, and may even be based on some measure of the campaign's success.
Stands for Attention (awareness), Interest, Desire, and Action. This is a historical model of how advertising works, by first getting the consumer's attention, then their interest, etc
A research method frequently used to determine what consumers remember about an advertisement they have seen or heard
Rather than provide all advertising services for one price, an agency may provide only the services that a client wishes to purchase.
The number of units required to achieve a desired GRP level in a particular market.
The final edited version (print) of a television commercial, for approval by the client. It may still need color correction, etc
The advertisement's selling message
The total distance measurement that copy on a structure is readable. Usually 1500, 1000, and 500 feet.
The lattice or other decorative finish immediately below the bottom of poster panels or painted bulletins. It is occasionally called a baseboard even though this term is usually confined to a solid base
Television and rating rating service that publishes regular reports for selected markets.
A geographic designation, used by Arbitron, that specifies which counties fall into a specific television market. See, also, Designated Market Area
The artwork for an ad, to be submitted for client approval
The major secondary streets of a city (not freeways) where speeds are Usually lower.
The visual components of an ad, not including the typeset text
The number of people who saw or heard more than one of the programs or publications in which an ad was placed.
Refers to the viewer, listener, or reader mass addresses by advertising messages
A diary kept by selected audience members to record which television programs they watched, as a means of rating television shows. Used by A.C. Nielsen.
An electronic recording device used by A.C. Nielsen to track when a television set is in use, and to what station it is set.
Space available for sale at a given time.
Advertising structures that have illumination which sends light through the advertisement for higher visibility. Ads must be printed on special translucent surfaces.
Running more than one commercial, with one following immediately after another
Advertising a product at a very low price, when it is difficult or even impossible to obtain the product for the price advertised.
Exchanging merchandise, or something other than money, for advertising time or space.
A shading or dot pattern on a drawing.
Means the industry practice of negotiating contracts with qualified advertising services suppliers for particular work/service orders, usually considering price quotations vis-a-vis supplier competence
(1) Large format advertising displays intended for viewing from extended distances, generally more than 50 feet. Billboard displays include, but not limited to: 30-sheet posters, 8-sheet posters, vinyl-wrapped posters, bulletins, wall murals and stadium/arena signage.(2) Sponsor identification at the beginning or end of a television show.
Total amount charged to clients, including the agency commission, media costs, production costs, etc.
A white paper border surrounding the poster copy area.
A white paper used to cover all or a portion of a poster design. Typically used to cover an ad that has expired until a new advertiser can be posted.
Where the paper of the design itself goes clear to the molding without any blanking at top or sides. In some cases, the molding is eliminated.
A term used when referring to painted bulletins where paint from a previous design has worked through to the surface of the new design.
A painted display development which, through elimination of the customary molding, permits painting of the copy to the extreme edge, thus providing greater copy area and more flexible and economical use of cut-outs for three dimensional effects
An advertisement, subscription request, or other printed card blown into a print publication rather than bound into it.
A blue line drawn on a mechanical to indicate where a page will be cut.
A billboard paper with a blue back for high-opacity outdoor applications. It is used for printing with solvent and ecosolvent inks.
Common name for Poster panels or Billboard bulletins.
The text of a print ad, not including the headline, logo, or subscript material.
An agency that provides a limited service, such as one that does creative work but does not provide media planning, research, etc. Usually, this refers to a relatively small company.
A comparison of the percent of a brand's sales in a market to the percent of the national population in that same market
Person who has marketing responsibilities for a specific brand
Name used to distinguish one product from it's competitors. It can apply to a single product, an entire product line, or even a company
Transition from one scene to another, in a commercial or program.
Common name for traditional billboards which measure 14 x 48 feet. Copy is produced primarily by two methods: painting directly on the surface or posting vinyl with the advertising message pre-printed digitally.
A specified period of time when a contract can be terminated. Most outdoor contracts are non-cancelable.
(1) An advertisement's headline; (2) The text accompanying an illustration or photograph.
A poster placed in buses, subways, etc. Also called a Bus card.
Advertising displays of various sizes posted in buses, subways, and commuter trains.
Media rates published by a broadcast station or print publication on a rate card. This is typically the highest rate charged by a vehicle.
A comparison of the percent of sales of a product category in a market, to the percent of population in that market.
An order by the Federal Trade Commission requiring an advertiser to stop running a deceptive or unfair advertisement, campaign, or claim.
A pause for station identification, and commercials, during a network telecast.
Sheet metal letters with recessed frontal surfaces designed to accommodate incandescent bulbs or luminous tubing
The routes used by a company to distribute its products, e.g., through wholesalers, retailers, mail order, etc.
The process of selecting individual unit locations to maximize out-of- home advertising objectives. Circulation- Traffic volume in a market.
A border or incandescent electric bulbs or luminous tubes place around a display which flash on and off in rotation. The lights thus appear to be rapidly moving around the border. This is frequently used on theatre marquees
A color photographic transparency.
Of a print publication, the average number of copies distributed. For outdoor advertising this refers to the total number of people who have an opportunity to observe a billboard or poster. This term sometimes is used for broadcast, as well, but the term audience is used more frequently.
The average of the daily effective circulation of all the non-illuminated panels in the poster plant multiplied by the number of non-illuminated panels in 100 showing plus the average of the day effective circulation of all the illuminated poster panels in the plant multiplied by the number of illuminated panels in a 100 showing.
Individuals who have a reasonable opportunity of observing the display in approaching the face of the unit. This is actually half of all the people in foot, in cars and trucks, and 25 percent of all passengers on bus, street, cars and elevated mass transportation facilities passing a given point during a 1-hour daylight period or an 18-hour period in case of illuminated panels
All the people including passengers in autos, public transportation, trucks, pedestrian, going in all direction, who pass given a point during a 12-hour daylight period or an 18-hour period in case of illuminated panels
Medium and small size illuminated advertising signs (lightboxes)
Print advertising that is limited to certain classes of goods and services, and usually limited in size and content.
An animation method that uses clay figurines.
The process by which a vehicle reviews an advertisement for legal, ethical, and taste standards, before accepting the ad for publication.
The ad agency's term for the advertisers it represents.
The day final copy and other materials must be at the vehicle in order to appear in a specific issue or time slot.
When an advertisement is surrounded by other ads, thereby forcing it to compete for the viewer's or listener's attention.
Covering an advertising message with white or grey paint before a new copy is painted to insure that none of the old copy shows through.
PVC banner coated for higher mechanical resistance, used for outdoor advertising digital printing
Paper with a slick and smooth finish.
A survey of viewers or listeners of broadcast programming, conducted during the program.
Refers to most modern typesetting methods, such as phototypesetting, because they do not involve pouring hot molten metal into molds for different type fonts.
Sales brochures, catalogs, spec sheets, etc., generally delivered to consumers (or dealers) by a sales person rather than by mass media. These materials are considered collateral to the sales message delivered by the sales person.
A type of premium that consumers may desire to have as a part of a greater collection of similar goods.
An early full-color print of a finished advertisement, used to evaluate the ad's final appearance.
A full-color ad normally is generated through printing of four separate colors: yellow, cyan, magenta, and black. The color separation consists of four separate screens; one for each of those four colors.
A common unit of measure by newspapers, whereby ad space is purchased by the width, in columns, and the depth, in inches. For example, an ad that is three standard columns wide and 5 inches tall (or deep) would be 15 column inches.
A special media pricing arrangement that involves purchasing space or time on more than one vehicle, in a package deal. This is frequently offered where different vehicles share a common owner.
Advertising that involves commercial interests rather than advocating a social or political cause.
A description or explanation of the chain-of-events involved in communicating information from one party to another.
An advertising appeal that consists of explicitly comparing one product brand to a competitive brand.
A pricing strategy that is based upon what the competition does.
A method of determining an advertising budget, designed to maintain the current share of voice.
A rough layout of an ad designed for presentation only, but so detailed as to appear very much like the finished ad will look.
Also called a consent decree, this is a Federal Trade Commission order, by which an advertiser agrees to make changes in an advertisement or campaign, without the need for a legal hearing.
Advertising directed at a person who will actually use the product for their own benefit, rather than to a business or dealer.
Study of how people behave when obtaining, using, and disposing of products (and services).
A method of testing advertisements that involves asking consumers to compare, rank, and otherwise evaluate the ads.
Promotional efforts designed to stimulate short-term purchasing behavior. Coupons, premiums, and samples are examples of consumer stimulants.
(1) Advocating the rights of consumers, as against the efforts of advertisers, (2) The emphasis of advertising and marketing efforts toward creating consumers. These two definitions are almost opposite in meaning, but the former is commonly used today, while the latter was common prior to the 1970s.
Special product packaging, where the package itself acts as a premium of value to the consumer.
Scheduling advertisements to appear at regular intervals over a period of time.
Scheduling advertisements to appear regularly, even during times when consumers are not likely to purchase the product or service, so that consumers are constantly reminded of the brand.
Where a photograph or other art depicts smooth gradations from one level of gray to another.
Publications, generally business-oriented, that are delivered only to readers who have some special qualifications. Generally, publications are free to the qualified recipients.
A system by which ad costs are divided between two or more parties. Usually, such programs are offered by manufacturers to their wholesalers or retailers, as a means of encouraging those parties to advertise the product.
Same as Cooperative program, above.
All spoken words or written text in an advertisement.
See Creative Strategy, below.
Research to determine an ad's effectiveness, based on consumer responses to the ad.
A campaign that promotes a corporation, rather than a product or service sold by that corporation.
Advertisements or messages within advertisements, that the Federal Trade Commission orders a company to run, for the purpose of correcting consumers' mistaken impressions created by prior advertising.
For a media schedule, refers to the relative balance of effectively meeting reach and frequency goals at the lowest price.
The cost of getting one person to inquire about your product or service. This is a standard used in direct response advertising.
Cost of exposure opportunities that equal one gross rating point in a market or one percent of The population.
The cost, per 1 percent of a specified audience, of buying advertising space in a given media vehicle.
Cost of reaching one thousand potential viewers.
The cost, per 1000 people reached, of buying advertising space in a given media vehicle.
Advertising that takes a position contrary to an advertising message that preceded it. Such advertising may be used to take an opposing position on a controversial topic, or to counter an impression that might be made by another party's advertising.
A measure of a media vehicle's reach, within a specific geographic area.
An outline of what message should be conveyed, to whom, and with what tone. This provides the guiding principles for copywriters and art directors who are assigned to develop the advertisement. Within the context of that assignment, any ad that is then created should conform to that strategy. The written statement of creative strategy is sometimes called a copy platform.
The art directors and copywriters in an ad agency.
To eliminate or cut off specific portions of a photograph or illustration.
Marks to indicate which portions a photograph or illustration are to be used, and which are to be eliminated.
a Poster or bulletin which is visible from The opposite side of The road that The cars viewing The board are traveling on.
An abbreviation for net cumulative audience. Refers to the number of unduplicated people or homes in a broadcast program's audience within a specified time period. This term is used by A.C. Nielsen. It also is used by many advertising practitioners to refer to the unduplicated audience of a print vehicle, or an entire media schedule.
See Cumes, above.
An antiquated term that refers to a photograph or illustration.
Letters, packages, figures or mechanical devices that are attached to the face of a painted bulletin to provide a three-dimensional effect. May also be called Embellishments
Any lettering, image, or mechanical device that extends beyond The standard face of a billboard to attract more attention. This is only allowed in certain areas.
A film editing technique that creates a quick transition from one scene to another.
This refers to a process of establishing goals for an ad campaign such that it is possible to determine whether or not the goals have been met. It stands for Defining Advertising Goals for Measured Advertising Results.
Also called rushes, this refers to unedited film. These are called Dailies because the film typically is viewed from a single day's shooting, even if the final commercial or program will take many days or weeks of shooting.
Audience of potential viewers who have the opportunity to see an out-of-home message during a 24-hour period. DEC's are typically measured and adjusted for an 18 hour day and for 18+ buying population.
Also called DEC (Daily Effective Circulation). The estimated number of persons passing an outdoor location on an average day.
A research method that tests consumers' memories the day after they have seen an ad, to assess the ad's effectiveness.
Broadcast media divide the day into several standard time periods, each of which is called a daypart. Cost of purchasing advertising time on a vehicle varies by the daypart selected.
An estimate of the decline in product sales if advertising were discontinued.
FTC definition: A representation, omission, act or practice that is likely to mislead consumers acting reasonably under the circumstances. To be regulated, however, a deceptive claim must also be material. See Materiality, below.
Panels built one above the other
Audience breakdowns based on various characteristics such as age, sex, income, education, etc.
The artwork and text which comprise the poster or painted bulletin display.
Dividing consumers into groups based on selected demographics, so that different groups can be treated differently. For example, two advertisements might be developed, one for adults and one for teenagers, because the two groups are expected to be attracted to different types of advertising appeal.
Basic objective descriptive classifications of consumers, such as their age, sex, income, education, size of household, ownership of home, etc. This does not include classification by subjective attitudes or opinions of consumers. See Psychographics, below.
A method of research, whereby a trained interviewer meets with consumers individually and asks a series of questions designed to detect attitudes and thoughts that might be missed when using other methods.
A geographic designation, used by A.C. Nielsen, that specifies which counties fall into a specific television market. See also, Area of dominant influence.
a backlit display located in Airports, malls, bus terminals, and sports arenas.
An advertising specialties company that manufactures and then sells its goods directly with its own sales force, rather than through retailers.
Marketing communications delivered directly to a prospective purchaser via the U.S. Postal Service or a private delivery company.
Sending a promotional message directly to consumers, rather than via a mass medium. Includes methods such as Direct Mail and Telemarketing.
A premium provided to the consumer at the same time as the purchase.
Promotions that permit or request consumers to directly respond to the advertiser, by mail, telephone, e-mail, or some other means of communication. Some practitioners use this as a synonym for Direct Marketing.
Advertising that appears in a directory (telephone directory, tourism brochure, etc.). This frequently connotes advertising that consumers intentionally seek.
(1) In print media, any advertisement other than a classified ad. (2) An ad that stands alone, such as window sign.
Fading from one scene to another in a film or television production.
A company or person that distributes a manufacturer's goods to retailers. The terms wholesaler and jobber are sometimes used to describe distributors.
A product or advertising specialty given by a sales person to consumers to induce them to listen to a sales pitch.
A two-page spread in a print publication, where the ad runs across the middle gutter.
Dots per square inch of information. In creating artwork for out-of-home creative people should use the highest resolution possible. 300 dpi is typically a bare minimum.
Used in radio, this refers to morning and afternoon times when consumers are driving to and from work. See Daypart, above.
A copy (e.g., xerographic duplicate) of an ad, or even blank sheets of paper, provided to a printer or artist as an example of the size, color, or other aspect of the ad to be produced.
That portion of an audience that is reached by more than one media vehicle.
An opaque color print made from artwork or color film; permits wide range of color correction during the laboratory process or a match to the color of the original. The process is suitable for reproducing color print in any quantity
A discounted media rate, based on volume or frequency of media placement.
A rule-of-thumb that, for the typical product category, eighty percent of the products sold will be consumed by twenty percent of the customers.
Outdoor signs or billboards composed largely of lighting or other electrical components.
Shall mean any sign which has characters, letters, figures, design, faces, backgrounds, or outline illuminated by incandescent or fluorescent lams or luminous tubes
A unit of type measurement, based on the M character.
The person who actually uses a product, whether or not they are the one who purchased the product.
A direct mail advertisement included with another mailed message (such as a bill).
A Federal Communications Commission requirement that when a broadcaster allows a political candidate broadcast a message, opposing candidates must be offered equal broadcast time.
Consumers who have seen (or heard) a media vehicle, whether or not they paid attention to it.
The area of design made as a cut-out that extends beyond the basic rectangular space of an advertising structure. Added costs are normal practice for the use of extensions but are typically worth the added expense as they make your ad stand out.
A research method that determines what part of an advertisement consumers look at, by tracking the pattern of their eye movements.
Refers to the number of billboards used for an advertisement.
A premium attached to a product, in or on the packaging.
Until the mid-1980s, a Federal Communications Commission policy that required broadcasters to provide time for opposing viewpoints any time they broadcast an opinion supporting one side of a controversial issue.
A brand name that is used for more than one product, i.e., a family of products.
A method of determining an advertising budget, which is based directly on the number of units sold.
A space position value factor. Specifically applied to a panel which is visible for less than 40 feet to pedestrian traffic, less than 75 feet to travel moving at less than 30 miles per hour.
A media rate that allows for no discounts.
A media schedule that involves more advertising at certain times and less advertising during other time periods.
Lighting outdoor advertising displays by means of very powerful illumination which is directed on to the display from any convenient location.
A research method that brings together a small group of consumers to discuss the product or advertising, under the guidance of a trained interviewer.
A typeface style, such as Helvetica, Times Roman, etc., in a single size. A single font includes all 26 letters, along with punctuation, numbers, and other characters.
See AAAA, above.
Stands for Product, Price, Place (i.e., distribution), and Promotion. This is also known as the Marketing Mix, see below.
A printing process that combines differing amounts of each of four colors (red, yellow, blue & black) to provide a full-color print.
An ad position in a periodic publication (e.g., back cover) to which an advertiser is given a permanent or long-term right of use.
An advertisement or group of ads inserted - but not bound - in a print publication, on pages that contain only the ads and are separate from any editorial or entertainment matter.
The number of times an average individual has the opportunity to be exposed to an advertising message during a defined period of time. Frequency in outdoor usually refers to the calendar month since this time period coincides with the standard contract practices. Fully Wrapped Bus- Bus advertising display in which the entire bus vehicle is covered with the advertising design, including windows, through which passengers still have visibility due to special material.
A time period directly preceding and directly following prime time, on television.
A coupon clearing house. A company that receives coupons and manages their accounting, verification and redemption.
An ad that is surrounded by reading matter in a newspaper, making it more likely consumers will read the ad. This is a highly desirable location for an ad.
An agency that handles all aspects of the advertising process, including planning, design, production, and placement. Today, full-service generally suggests that the agency also handles other aspects of marketing communication, such as public relations, sales promotion, and direct marketing.
A typeset copy of an ad or editorial material, before it is made into pages for final production.
A research method that measures physiological changes in consumers when asked a question or shown some stimulus material (such as an ad).
Double or triple-size pages, generally in magazines, that fold out into a large advertisement.
Products not associated with a private or national brand name.
A printing process that uses an etched printing cylinder.
Advertising that promotes a product or service's ability to help or, more likely, not hurt the environment.
A broadcast media rate card that lists rates on a grid, according to the time periods that might be selected for the ad.
The audiences of all vehicles or media in a campaign, combined. Some or much of the gross audience may actually represent duplicated audience.
total number of impression opportunities an out-of-home structure or advertising Space can produce measured against a target audience in a market. Cumulative impressions can be combined to reflect an entire out-of-home campaign.
Total number of unduplicated people or households represented by a given media schedule.
total number of impressions delivered by a media schedule expressed as a percentage of a market population. Sometimes referred to as a showing.
Reach times average frequency. This is a measure of the advertising weight delivered by a vehicle or vehicles within a given time period.
A media rate that comes with a guarantee that the publication will achieve a certain circulation.
The inside margins of two pages that face each other in a print publication.
A method of reproducing a black and white photograph or illustration, by representing various shades of gray as a series of black and white dots.
A series of steps by which consumers receive and use information in reaching decisions about what actions they will take (e.g., whether or not to buy a product).
The ability to keep an audience throughout a broadcast, rather than having them change channels. It is represented as a percent of the total audience.
The percent of a program's audience that watched or listened to the immediately preceding program on the same station. Also called Inherited audience (see below).
A three-dimensional photograph or illustration, created with an optical process that uses lasers.
A discount on a media purchase resulting from a promise to advertise over an extended period of time.
Business publications designed to appeal to people of similar interests or responsibilities in a variety of companies or industries.
A gift to a consumer who sponsors a sales demonstration party or meeting.
A method of typesetting that uses molten metal to form the letters for a typeface. See Cold type, above.
An advertising agency owned and operated by an advertiser, which handles the advertiser's account.
A publication owned and operated by an advertiser, and used to promote the advertiser's products or services.
The number of households in a given market watching television at a certain time. This term is used by A.C. Nielsen.
Station identification during a commercial break in a television or radio program.
Promoting the image, or general perception, of a product or service, rather than promoting its functional attributes. Commonly used for differentiating brands of parity products (e.g., This is a woman's cigarette). .
A promotional product, this is a product with a company logo or advertising message printed on it.
A company that creates an incentive program for sales people, and provides them with a catalog from which they can select their prize or premium.
A person who is hired by a company, but works for himself/herself. The company is a client, rather than an employer.
A broadcast station that is not affiliated with a national network of stations.
A form of business-to-business advertising (see above), this is advertising aimed at manufacturers. This advertising typically promotes parts, equipment, and raw materials used in the manufacturing process.
A commercial that is very similar in appearance to a news program, talk show, or other non-advertising program content. The broadcast equivalent of an Advertorial (see above).
Same as Holdover audience, above.
A premium included in the packaging of another product (e.g., buy a can of shaving cream and get a free razor in the same package). The term Package enclosure is also used.
Consumer response to a company's advertising or other promotional activities, such as coupons. Used for measuring the effectiveness of some promotions.
An advertisement, collection of advertisements, or other promotional matter published by an advertiser or group of advertisers, to be inserted in a magazine or newspaper. It may be bound into the publication, or be inserted without binding. See Free-standing insert, above.
Refers to an ad in a print publication.
An agency or advertiser's authorization for a publisher to run a specific ad in a specific print publication on a certain date at a specified price.
Advertising to promote an institution or organization, rather than a product or service, in order to create public support and goodwill.
A form of printing that results in a raised or engraved print surface.
A management concept that is designed to make all aspects of marketing communication (e.g., advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing) work together as a unified force, rather than permitting each to work in isolation.
Distributing a product through a wide variety of outlets.
Advertising a product or service in a country other than where it originates.
An in-store product display situated away from competing products, typically in the middle or at the end of an aisle.
A print ad that is completely surrounded by editorial material, or a broadcast ad surrounded by program content, with no adjoining advertisements to compete for audience attention.
A short song, usually mentioning a brand or product benefit, used in a commercial.
A mixture of products or brands on a single display, such as a clearance table.
A premium used to induce a consumer to take some action, such as completing a survey or trying a product.
Spacing between the letters of a word.
A poster panel or painted bulletin location at which the plant operator has planted grass, shrubs, trees, etc. in order to improve the appearance of the location
Federal trademark law.
A drawing that indicates the relative positions of the elements (e.g., headline, photo, logo, body copy, etc.) of an ad.
The space between lines of type.
An agreement made by plant operators with property owners for the privilege of erecting outdoor advertising structures
A premium left with prospective customers by a sales person, to remind them of the product or service being sold.
A printing method that stamps ink onto paper, using raised lettering.
Separating consumers into groups, based on their hobbies, interests, and other aspects of their lifestyles.
Refers to the size of an ad, based on the number of lines of type taken up by the ad.
A high-contrast reproduction of an illustration, where all shading is reduced to either black or white.
An agent who sells lists of sales prospects.
A printing method in which the printing and non-printing areas exist on the same plane, as opposed to a bi-leveled reproduction.
The average number of persons riding in each vehicle. Determined by gov't research and reports for highway capitalization. Location Codes- Letters used to identify the location of an advertising structure. Several abbreviations are typical: E/S- East Side; W/O- west of; C/L- city limits, N/L- northline etc.
(1) Advertising to a local merchant or business as opposed to regional or national advertising. (2) Advertising placed at rates available to local merchants.
An advertising rate charged to a local advertiser , typically a retailer, by local media and publications, as distinguished from a national rate that is charged to a national advertiser, typically a manufacturer.
A brand name, publication title, or the like, presented in a special lettering style or typeface and used in the manner of a trademark.
A space position factor. Specifically applied to a panel which visible for over 125 feet to pedestrian traffic, over 350 feet to traffic moving faster than 30 miles per hour and visible for over 250 feet to traffic moving slower than 30 miles per hour
A retail item advertised at an invitingly low price in order to attract customers for the purchase of other, more profitable merchandise.
A scheme in which making a required purchase gives a person a chance to win a prize which is awarded at random, usually through an electronic drawing. Lotteries may not be used as promotion devices under U.S. laws.
Frequency of listenership of a particular broadcast station.
A type of marketing in which a company adapts itself to uncontrollable factors within the industry.
A premium obtained by mailing in a suitable response to the manufacturer or distributor, with or without money.
Advertising which supplies paperwork for the purpose of soliciting a purchase made through the mail.
(1) To present a commercial announcement after it ös scheduled time because of an error. (2) To rerun a commercial announcement because of technical difficulties the previous time it was run. (3) To rerun a print advertisement due to similar circumstances.
Technique of setting the advertising budget by assuming the point at which an additional dollar spent on advertising equals additional profit.
A summary of the characteristics of a market, including information of typical purchasers and competitors, and often general information on the economy and retailing patterns of an area.
To divide a market by a strategy directed at gaining a major portion of sales to a subgroup in a category, rather than a more limited share of purchases by all category users.
The percentage of a product category's sales, in terms of dollars or units, obtained by a brand, line, or company.
A business that affects the distribution and sales of goods and services from producer to consumer; including products or service development, pricing, packaging, advertising, merchandising, and distribution.
The levels and interplay of the elements of a product's or service's marketing efforts, including product features, pricing, packaging, advertising, merchandising, distribution, and marketing budget; especially as these elements affect sales results.
The systematic gathering, recording, analyzing, and use of data relating to the transfer and sale of goods and services from producer to consumer.
Shall mean a fixed shelter used only as a roof and extending over a building to which it is attached.
Shall mean a sign which is attached to a marquee
Public conveyances such as buses, trains, subways, and other rapid transit commuter systems.
An edited audio tape or video tape to be recorded on quantity prints or dubs.
The FTC theoretically will not regulate a deceptive advertisement unless the deceptive claim is also material. This means, in simple terms, that the claim must be important to consumers, rather than trivial. The FTC requires that the deception be likely to affect consumers' choice of, or conduct regarding, a product.
A camera shot made with a matte or mask in part of the frame to allow another shot to be printed in the opaque area.
A finished layout that is photographed for offset printing.
Photostated elements of a design pasted on a cardboard in the desired position to illustrate the basic design idea
the main means of mass communication (television, radio, and newspapers) regarded collectively
A space position value factor. Specifically applied to a panel which is fully visible for 75 to 125 feet to pedestrian traffic, 200 to 300 feet to vehicular traffic moving at more than 30 miles per hour and 150 to 250 feet to traffic moving slower than 30 miles per hour
Agency that specializes in the services of media buying.
Technique of scheduling media that involves buying space in one medium only and developing strength through concentration.
Technique of scheduling media that involves buying a large amount of space in one medium, and shifting to another medium after achieving optimum coverage and frequency.
A plan designed to select the proper demographics for an advertising campaign through proper media selection.
A plan of action by an advertiser for bringing advertising messages to the attention of consumers through the use of appropriate media.
A vehicle or group of vehicles used to convey information, news, entertainment, and advertising messages to an audience. These include television, cable television, magazines, radio, billboards, etc.
The promoting of a firm's advertising abilities to distributors.
Mesh Banners are most commonly seen as fence banners or fence wraps for construction / development areas or on temporary hired fences for caryard sales, building enclosures, tall scaffold towers, internal screens , or a promotional banner which needs to let some light and/or breeze through - use welded edges and reinforced corners with ropes, and eyelets or pockets to hang your banner.
An urban area with a population of at least 50,000 that is designated by the Office of Management and Budget for statistical reporting purposes and used in audience measurement studies. This is generally synonymous with the former term Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The activities a firm practices in order to react controllably to external forces, e.g., setting objectives and selecting target markets.
Used to determine the cost effectiveness of advertising in a newspaper; reached by multiplying the cost per agate line by one million, then dividing by the circulation. Also referred to as Milline.
A truck that is equipped with one or more poster panel units. The truck can either be parked at specified venues or driven around designated localities.
Used to investigate the psychological reasons why individuals buy specific types of merchandise, or why they respond to specific advertising appeals, to determine the base of brand choices and product preferences.
National Association of Broadcasters. An association whose membership is largely composed of radio and television stations.
National Advertising Division of the Council of Better Business Bureaus. This organization serves as a major self-regulatory mechanism for advertising.
National Advertising Review Board of the Council of Better Business Bureaus. When an alleged problem arises with an advertisement, and a satisfactory solution is not obtained via the NAD, above, the NARB acts in the capacity of an appeals board. It reviews the decision of the NAD, and passes judgment on it.
Using a broadcast medium to appeal to audiences with special interests. For example, the All Knitting Station would be a narrowcast, because it appeals to an audience with a specific interest.
Advertising which is aimed at a National Market, as opposed to Local Advertising.
A nationally distributed product brand name. May also be distributed regionally or locally.
An item offered free or at a discount with the purchase of another product. The item can be positioned close to but may not touch the purchased product. A type of product promotion.
Developed film that contains an image that has reversed shadows and light areas.
The costs associated with services rendered by an advertising agency excluding the agency commission.
The combined cumulative audience exposed to an advertisement.
A national or regional group of affiliated broadcast stations contractually bound to distribute radio or television programs for simultaneous transmission.
Programming time the network controls on each of its affiliate stations. Also referred to as network time.
A soft, course wood pulp paper used in printing newspapers.
A measurement of the percentage of U.S. television households tuned to a network program for a minute of its telecast.
Radio and television advertising that is designed to educate and promote ideas or institutions, e.g., public service announcements.
Radio and television stations owned and operated by a network.
Refers to advertising time sold at a rate that does not appear on the rate card.
A planographic printing process. A photographic image from a printing plate is transferred to a rubber blanket, which, in turn, transfers or prints the image onto the paper.
Tests recall among viewers of a commercial or program during a real broadcast of the tested communication.
Poster panel placed near The entrances of point-of-sale locations.
Poster used on subway and train platforms.
Used to promote sales of a product. Discount coupons or gifts that are attached to or accompany the product to be purchased.
Shall mean display signs installed within the immediate premises of the business it presents
(1) Time left at the end of a commercial or program which is provided for the use of local advertising or station identification. (2) A radio or television program with no specific time to end.
Visual effects used to instill interest as well as portray mood and continuity to a commercial. Dissolves, Cross fades, and Montages are all opticals.
Over The Counter drugs. The term over-the-counter may be somewhat counterintuitive, since, in many countries, these drugs are often placed on shelves in self-service areas of stores, like any other packaged products.
What is the meaning of outdoor media?
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Exposure to advertising and mass media away from one's home. OOH (Out of Home) advertising includes: outdoor media, indoor media, point-of-purchase, and radio.
A transparent or opaque covering used to protect designs or layouts in the form of separate transparent prints that combine to form a finished design or graphic.
The free continuation of an advertising run past the time contracted for.
Additional numbers of a print vehicle that are produced in excess of those needed for distribution. Overruns may take place to meet unexpected needs or demands.
(1) A combination of programs or commercials offered by a network that is available for purchase by advertisers either singly or as a discounted package deal. (2) A merchandise enclosure or container.
Same as In-pack premium, above.
Separate advertising material included in merchandise packages that advertises goods or services; also referred to as Package Stuffer.
A freestanding steel or wooden structure, approximately 50' wide by 15' high, with molding around the outer edges similar to a poster panel, and including a hand painted copy message. Bulletins are generally found near highways or roofs of buildings in high traffic areas.
This includes regular and illuminated types of outdoor advertising. A regular panel is only seen during the daytime, while an illuminated panel is seen also from dusk until dawn.
A system that precisely characterizes a color, so that a color can be matched, even by different printers. By knowing the Pantone color specifications, a printer does not even need to see a sample of the color in order to match it.
Product categories where the several brands within that category possess functionally equivalent attributes, making one brand a satisfactory substitute for most other brands in that category.
Announcements made inside the context of a program as opposed to those shown during station breaks. (2) An announcement or amount of broadcasting time which is shared by several advertisers.
A reader which becomes familiar with a publication without the purchase of a publication. These readers are taken into account when calculating the total number of readers of a publication.
A camera-ready layout of illustrative and type material which is configured in the proper position on paperboard and is used for reproductive purposes.
Approach to advertising budgeting in which the dollars spent to advertise are represented as an investment toward sales and profits.
An agreement between a media representative and an advertiser in which all advertising fees are paid based on a percentage of all money received from an advertiser's sales or inquires.
A functional or psychosocial risk a consumer feels he/she is taking when purchasing a product.
Method of determining the advertising budget based on an analysis of past sales, as well as a forecast for future sales.
Sales made through a medium of face-to-face communication, personal correspondence, or personal telephone conversation, etc.
To add a name or other personal information about the recipient on direct mail advertising.
A percentage of all persons in a certain viewing area that are viewing television during a specific amount of time. Used by A.C. Nielson.
Same meaning as above, except this term is used by Arbitron.
The process used by advertising to influence audience or prospect attitudes, especially purchase intent and product perception by appealing to reason or emotion.
An illustration showing the exterior of an object as if it were transparent, while revealing interior detailing.
A process of creating animation through the use of still photographs.
A set of still photographs made from a television commercial, accompanied with a script, to be kept as records by an agency or client.
A method of setting type by using negatives of the characters of film or photographic paper rather than metal type slugs, also referred to as Cold type.
(1) The process of making letterpress printing plates by photochemical means. (2) A picture printed from a plate made by this process.
A process which converts original art material into printing plates that are required to print ads.
A type of high contrast photographic negative or positive in the form of paper. Also referred to as Stat.
(1) A unit of measurement for type specification and printing which measures width; 6 picas to one inch. (2) A size of type, 12 points.
An ad layout in which the picture is placed at the top of the page, and the copy is placed below.
(1) A direct mail offer that is included free with another offer. (2) Two commercials which are shown back-to-back by the same sponsor.
An individual or company which owns poster panels and/or painted display structures
An individual or a company which operates and maintains poster panels and/or painted display structures
(1) A small unit of measurement for type, equal to 1/72 of an inch. (2) A small unit for measuring the thickness of paper, equaling 0.001 inch.
Advertising display material located at the retail store, usually placed in an area where payment is made, such as a check-out counter.
A photographic image which appears as the original image, as opposed to a negative which reverses the black and white.
An outdoor billboard in which advertising is displayed on printed paper sheets rather than being painted. The most widely used form of outdoor advertising; standard size approximately 25' x 12' with the image printed on sections of 24 to 30 sheets.
The standard 24-sheet poster which provides a copy area measuring 8'-8 high by 19'-6 wide. This is the standard unit used in the outdoor advertising field
A small poster which provides a copy area measure 6 - 8 high by 3'-3 wide. Usually located on the outside walls of retail stores.
A poster which provides a copy area measuring 4' - 4 high by 9'-10 wide. Usually located on the outside walls of retail stores.
A poster which provides a copy area measuring 8' high by 7' wide. Usually located in vicinity of retail stores
Testing the effects of an ad after it has appeared in the media.
A usually discounted rate for commercial time which is sold to an advertiser and is not guaranteed. Time may be sold to another advertiser who is willing to pay more; therefore, the advertiser buying this rate gambles to save money on the spot.
A position in a printed publication that is thought to attract most reader attention and is sold at a higher rate; for example, the back cover of a magazine.
An item, other than the product itself, which is offered free or at a nominal price as an incentive to purchase the advertised product or service.
A reproduction of an advertisement which is viewed before actual publication and is created by an advertiser for special purposes, e.g., to serve as retail displays or to gain support from retailers.
Testing an advertisement or an audience sample prior to placing the ad in the media.
Advertising designed for the generic product category, as opposed to selective demand advertising.
The broadcast periods viewed or listened to by the greatest number of persons and for which a station charges the most for air time. In television, the hours are usually 8:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. E.S.T. (7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. C.S.T.).
Product brand owned by a retailer, wholesaler, dealer, or merchant, as opposed to a manufacturer or producer, and bearing it's own company name or another name it owns exclusively. Also referred to as Private label.
Barters of merchandise given as prizes on television or radio shows in return for mentions of the brand names of the merchandise donated.
Developing unique product differences with the intent to influence demand.
A marketing theory in which products or brands follow a sequence of stages including : introduction, growth, maturity, and sales decline.
Assigning specific products or brands to be managed by single managers within an advertising agency.
The consumer perception of a product or service as compared to it's competition.
Process of physically preparing the advertising idea into a print or broadcast advertisement.
A method of identifying consumers by the amount of product usage, usually categorized demographically or psychographically.
Advertising directed toward professionals such as doctors, dentists, and pharmacists, etc., who are in a position to promote products to their patients or customers.
Percentage of a sample group of people tuned in to a particular program at a particular time.
Set of proofs made during the four-color printing process which shows each color plate separately and in combination. Also referred to as Color proofs.
All forms of communication other than advertising that call attention to products and services by adding extra values toward the purchase. Includes temporary discounts, allowances, premium offers, coupons, contests, sweepstakes, etc.
Using several different types of communication to support marketing goals which include Advertising (see above), Personal selling (see above), Publicity (see above), and Sales promotions (see below).
A product imprinted with, or otherwise carrying, a logo or promotional message. Also called an Advertising Specialty.
An impression on paper of type, an engraving or the like, for the purpose of checking the correctness and quality of the material to be printed.
A term that describes consumers or audience members on the basis of psychological characteristics initially determined by standardized tests.
The separation of consumers into psychological characteristic categories on the basis of standardized tests.
Communication with various sectors of the public to influence their attitudes and opinions in the interest of promoting a person, product, or idea.
A type of public relations in the form of a news item or story which conveys information about a product, service, or idea in the media.
A legal exaggeration of praise lavished on a product that stops just short of deception.
The use of advertising in regular intervals, as opposed to seasonal patterns.
A method of advertising research in which a study is conducted on the relationship between a viewer's pupil dilation and the interest factor of visual stimuli.
A method of advertising research that emphasizes the quality of meaning in consumer perceptions and attitudes; for example, in-depth interviews and focus groups.
A method of advertising research that emphasizes measurement of incidence of consumer trends within a population.
A sample taken from any given population in which each person maintains equal chances of being selected.
(1) The amount charged by a communications medium to an advertiser based on per unit of space or time purchased. The rate may vary from national to local campaigns, or may be a fixed rate. (2) To estimate a particular mediaös audience size based on a research sample.
Information cards, provided by both print and broadcast media, which contain information concerning advertising costs, mechanical requirements, issue dates, closing dates, cancellation dates, and circulation data, etc.
(1) In television, one percentage of all TV households who are viewing a particular station at a given time. (2) In radio, one percentage of all listeners who are listening to a particular station at a given time. Both instances vary depending on time of day.
(1) The estimated number of individuals in the audience of a broadcast that is reached at least once during a specific period of time. (2) Also applies to Outdoor advertising audiences.
(1) The total number of readers of a publication (includes Primary and Pass-along readers). (2) The percentage of people that can recall a particular advertisement, aided or unaided.
A rebate is an amount paid by way of reduction, return, or refund on what has already been paid or contributed. Also known as AVB (Agency Volume Bonification). The value of AVBs, which vary by media, by spending level and by country, can be significant, ranging between 3% - 20% of an advertiser' s net media spend.
The ability of research subjects to recall a particular ad or campaign when they see or hear it.
A group of people or organization of which an individual respects, identifies with, or aspires to join, e.g., membership or associative groups.
A premium offered to customers for helping sell a product or service to a friend or acquaintance.
Indicator symbols located in the margins of negatives to be used as guides for perfect registration.
Discounted magazine space which is sold to help fill regional editions of the publication.
The percentage of individuals that renew their print media subscriptions to extend beyond the previous expiration date.
A person who solicits advertising space on behalf of a particular medium.
The average number of times each person is exposed to an advertisment. Also known as frequency.
an additional fee for changing artwork during a given display period.
A sum paid to a performer on a TV or radio commercial each time it is run, and is usually established by AFTRA (American Federation of Television and Radio Artists) or SAG (Screen Actors Guild) contract.
Refers to the clarity of a television image as received by a set.
Sales items that are not legally sold in certain geographic areas, or only under special legal restrictions.
Advertising which promotes local merchandisers' goods and services. Also referred to as Local Advertising.
Defined by the Audit Bureau of Circulation as the area beyond an urban area whose residents regularly trade with retail merchants within the urban area.
To alter photographs, artwork, or film to emphasize or introduce desired features and also to eliminate unwanted ones.
a physical inspection a market to see The billboards and evaluate them after they have been posted.
A very rough rendition of a proposed commercial, composed of images and sounds borrowed (ripped-off) from other commercials or broadcast materials.
A method of scheduling broadcast commercials to obtain maximum reach by simultaneously showing the identical advertisement on several different stations.
Written material that accompanies an advertising specialty, providing information about the product and its background.
(1) Advertising signs installed on a building
(2) Advertising sign mounted on a car's roof (a taxi cab)
A magazine supplement that is printed by a gravure process, and run on a rotary press. This process is useful for large runs of pictorial effects.
The process of using live and animated characters within an advertisement.
An unfinished layout of an ad which shows only a general conception to be presented for analysis, criticism, and approval.
A preliminary arrangement of film or tape shots that are roughly edited together without voice-over or music to serve purpose in the early stages of editing.
A newspaper publisher's option to place an ad anywhere in the publication that they choose, as opposed to Preferred position. Also referred to as Run-of paper.
A station's option to place a commercial in any time slot that they choose.
Rough, unedited prints of a commercial to be used for editing purposes. Also referred to as dallies.
Marketing activities that stimulate consumer purchasing and dealer effectiveness through a combination of personal selling, advertising, and all supplementary selling activities.
Refers to the effect of advertising on sales.
A typestyle of lettering with no serifs, or cross strokes at the end of main strokes.
An optical character recognition machine which consists of a scan head, a computer processor, and an output device. Used for interpreting documents, invoices, bar-codes, and photos for use in Color separations.
The process of using realistic sounds to stimulate noise in backgrounds during radio production such as car horns, sirens, recorded laughter, etc.
(1) A printing process in which a squeegee forces paint or ink through a screen which is decorated with stenciled designs onto the paper. (2) The surface onto which an image of a slide or television picture is shown.
In broadcast media, rating modifications that reflect changes in the season, e.g. weather and holidays.
The variation in sales for goods and services throughout the year, depending on the season, e.g. hot chocolate is advertised more in the winter, as opposed to summer months.
Advertising which promotes a particular manufacturer's brand as opposed to a generic product. See Primary demand.
Allows manufacturers to maintain more control over the way their products are sold and discourages price competition among sellers of the products by distributing their products only to those wholesalers and retailers who follow the manufacturer's guidelines.
A premium offer paid by the consumer whose total cost including handling fees are paid for in the basic sales transaction.
A direct-mail piece in which no envelope or wrapper is required for mailing.
A premium offer that is partially paid by the consumer as well as the manufacturer.
Refers to theories regarding symbolism and how people glean meaning from words, sounds, and pictures. Sometimes used in researching names for various products and services.
Short, decorative cross lines or tails at the ends of main strokes in some typefaces, such as Roman lettering.
The percent of television sets that are tuned into a particular broadcast during a specific amount of time.
The percent of audiences that are tuned into a particular medium at a given time, e.g. the number of people watching television between the hours of 8:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.
A printed advertising message which is hung over the edge of a retail store shelf, e.g. On Special, or Sale item.
(1) A musical theme associated with a television program, radio show, or a particular product or service. Also referred to as a Theme song. (2) Single printing sheet which folds into 4, 8, 12, 16, and so on pages to be gathered and bound to form a part of a book, or pamphlet.
A color printing method in which ink is forced through a stencil placed over a screen that blocks out areas of an image, and onto the printing surface. Also referred to as Serigraphy.
A syndicated service which provides audience exposure and product usage data for print and broadcast media.
The gathering and evaluation of information to identify the target group and strategic direction of an advertising campaign.
A high-quality proof of an advertisement printed on glossy paper which is suited for reproduction.
Fees paid by a manufacturer to a retailer for the retailer's shelf space.
The technique of using low pressure appeals in advertisements and commercials.
An arrangement of type lines set vertically as closely as possible. Also referred to as solid set.
This is the older term used for Promotional products (see above). It remains a commonly used term by many companies.
Outdoor display which is larger than normal or located in a specific area whereby it is unusually and spectacular to the viewer. Typically long term contracts only.
A sample promotional product, with the prospective buyer's imprint on it, produced with the hope that the customer will purchase it.
Two or more different forms of an advertisement which are ran simultaneously in different copies of the same publication, used to test the effectiveness of one advertisement over another to appeal to regional or other specific markets.
Commercial or public service announcements that are placed on television or radio programs.
The technique of coloring for emphasis some areas of basic black-and-white advertisements, usually with a single color.
Time slots in geographic broadcast areas, purchased on a market-to-market basis rather than through a network.
a market map with Dots or arrows to show The avaialble locations for a buy.
Refers to a pair of facing pages in a periodical, or an advertisement which is printed across two such pages.
(or Decked Panels)
advertising structures built with each face set on top of The other
A schedule of advertisements in a number of periodicals which have different insertion dates.
A set of uniform advertising procedures developed by the American Newspaper Publishers Association.
Defined by the U.S Department of Commerce to be a classification of businesses in a numeric hierarchy.
A commercial firm that publishes reference volumes that include up-to-date information on rates, requirements, closing dates, and other information necessary for ad placement in the media.
A research organization (Starch INRA Hooper) that provides an advertisement's rank in issue and Starch scores.
A result of a method used by Daniel Starch and staff in their studies of advertising readership which include noted, or the percent of readers who viewed the tested ad, associated, or the percent of readers who associated the ad with the advertiser, and read-most, or the percent of readers who read half or more of the copy.
A single image printed repeatedly in a pattern on a single sheet of paper.
A Latin term meaning let it stand, which instructs a printer or typesetter to ignore an alteration called for in a proof.
A photographic technique in which inanimate objects appear to move.
A blueprint for a TV commercial which is drawn to portray copy, dialogue, and action, with caption notes regarding filming, audio components, and script.
Determination of the steps required to reach an objective of achieving the optimum fit between the organization and the marketplace.
An equally measured statistical sample which represents all the categories into which the population has been divided.
Positioning film negatives or positives of copy and illustrations for the purpose of creating a printing plate for that ad or page. Also referred to as image assembly.
An advertising message presented below the threshold of consciousness. A visual or auditory message that is allegedly perceived psychologically, but not consciously. Also called Subception.
A process in TV production where an image, words, or phrases are imposed over another image.
Non-mass media vehicles that are used to promote products, e.g., Point-of-purchase advertising.
Companies that sell goods or services to an advertising agency for their use in constructing advertisements, e.g., design studios, color houses, printers, and paper producers.
major streets of city or town that are easily accessable.
A sample of the material for a promotional product, with the customer's artwork printed on it in the specified colors.
Refers to a time during the months of November, March, and May, when both Nielson and Arbitron survey all local market broadcast media for the purpose of rating the stations and their programming.
A television or radio program that is distributed in more than one market by an organization other than a network.
A size of newspaper that is roughly half the size of a standard newspaper. A page size is normally 14 inches high by 12 inches wide.
A method used in advertising and packaging recall tests. Used to measure a viewer's recognition and perception of various elements within an ad by using the different lighting and exposure techniques of a Tachistoscope - a device that projects an image at a fraction of a second.
A slogan or phrase that visually conveys the most important product attribute or benefit that the advertiser wishes to convey. Generally, a theme to a campaign.
A specified audience or demographic group for which an advertising message is designed
A group of individuals whom collectively, are intended recipients of an advertiser's message.
advertising structures that are part of taxicabs, on The roof, rear or window.
A page cut from a magazine or newspaper that is sent to the advertiser as proof of the ad insertion. Also used to check color reproduction of advertisements.
An advertising campaign aimed at arousing interest and curiosity for a product.
The use of the telephone as a medium to sell, promote, or solicit goods and services.
A method used in testing the viewer responses of a large, randomly selected audience after being exposed to an ad.
A rough, simple, often small sketch used to show the basic layout of an ad.
A technique used in broadcast production to delete time from television commercials.
Advertising Local Tax.
A type of research study that follows the same group of subjects over an extended period of time.
Advertising designed to increase sales specifically for retailers and wholesalers.
People, characters, and animals that are used in advertising and are identified with the products, e.g. Jolly Green Giant and Tony the Tiger.
The name under which a company operates.
Sales promotions directed toward retailers and distributors that are designed to motivate them both and increase sales.
Icon, symbol, or brand name used to identify a specific manufacturer, product, or service.
A promotional tactic using direct mail. Designed to draw consumers to the mailer's location.
The number of vehicles that pass an out-of-home unit each day. used to calculate DEC.
out-of-home media typically found on The outside or inside of Public transportation vehicles or stations such as buses, subways, and trains.
Transit shelter panels offer uncluttered showcases for advertising, mounted in glass, backlit frames. They provide visibility to vehicular and pedestrian traffic at high-circulation locations, usually along main roadways of metropolitan markets.
A positive, color photographic image on clear film.
Ink used in four color printing process that allows for colors underneath the ink to show through.
To combine different layers of colors in order to create various colors in the four color printing process.
A size of a magazine or newspaper page after trimming.
Advertising display usually the size of a tradional billboard that uses moving panels to rotate its surface. This shows three different ad messages in predetermined order and for set amounts of time each, usually 6 or 7 seconds.
The rate of audience change for a specific program during a specific amount of time.
Refers to the complete alphabet for a specific typeface.
A designed alphabet with consistent characteristics and attributes.
The designated setting of type for printing purposes.
A research method in which a respondent is given no assistance in answering questions regarding a specific advertisement.
Advertising that is likely to harm the consumer. The FTC has the power to regulate unfair advertising that falls within a very specific legal definition.
billboard not equipped with lighting for nighttime illumination.
The unique product benefit that the competition can not claim.
Unipole (or monopole) sign is an advertising sign (usually billboard) frame structure mounted atop a single steel pole or column.
a Poster panel or painted bulletin.
The purchasing of both broadcast and print early in the buying season.
Above ground panels in subway station entrances.
The value a consumer receives from a product's design.
A research method which psychologically groups consumers based on certain characteristics such as their values, lifestyles, and demographics.
A specific channel or publication for carrying the advertising message to a target audience. For example, one medium would be magazines, while one vehicle would be Time magazine.
A type of paper used for it's superior reproduction qualities.
A reduced rate offered to advertisers who purchase airtime on a broadcast medium for a limited amount of time, e.g., one week.
Publications whose editorial content deals with the interests of a specific industry, e.g., National Petroleum Magazine and Retail Baking Today.
This is The entire area of The Poster which can be viewed after Poster has been installed.
(1) An illustration that has soft edges, often produced by using cutouts or masks. (2) A photograph or halftone in which the edges, or parts of, are shaded off to a very light gray.
a sheet of material on which an advertising message is either painted or printed onto for The purpose of Outdoor display.
trad en: visual message or layout (Outdoor media)
The technique of using the voice of an unseen speaker during film, slides, or other voice material.
An advertising research technique of analyzing a subject's voice during their responses, to test their feelings and attitudes about an ad.
a list where an advertiser can place themselves next in line for a billboard or other display that is currently unavailable.
Murals painted or attached directly onto The exterior surface of a building.
Tonal drawing, similar to watercolor, intended for halftone reproduction.
(1) Advertising in an area where the product or service is not available or has no sales potential. (2) Persons in an advertiser's audience who are not potential consumers.
An advertising strategy that consists of scheduling space in the media in intermittent periods, e.g., two weeks on, two weeks off.
The point reached when an advertising campaign loses it's effectiveness due to repeated overplay of ads.
(1) An adjustment made in a survey sample to correct for demographic or geographic imbalances. (2) Number of exposures of an advertisement.
Unoccupied parts of a print advertisement, including between blocks of type, illustrations, headlines, etc.
A transition of scenes in a visual production where one image appears to wipe the previous one from the screen.
A technique used in the radio broadcast industry that uses highly descriptive words to evoke images in reading material as an attempt to place the listener into the scene.
